Elements, compounds, mixtures, solutions, environments ..
Sun and air?
Study the seaside image for a few seconds . Try to describe it:
You might say that the image shows : A calm sea, clear blue sky, bright sunshine and a perfectly smooth beach.
You could describe it in terms of the states of matter visible:
| SOLID | Sand |
| LIQUID | Sea |
| GAS | Air |
| GAS and PLASMA | Sun |
As a chemistry student you might be asked to classify each of these four components as either mixtures, compounds or elements.
As a biology student you might be asked to describe the scene in terms of environments and ecosystems...
You might even use words like Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Lithosphere ?
Some elements up close
Giant metallic lattices. More than 70% of the elements in the periodic table have a structure similar to this. The negatively charged electrons are "delocalised" and can move from atom to atom.
Giant covalent lattices. These elements form giant lattices have high melting points and form crystalline structures.
Diamond and Silicon have structures like this. There are no free electrons in this sort of structure so they do not conduct electricity.
Monatomic gases. The particles which make up the the Noble Gases are single atoms; they do not join up with one another.
The noble gases have stable atoms with a full outer shell of electrons. This makes them unreactive or inert.
Simple molecular elements. These are often gases at room temperature but can be liquid or easily melted solids.
The atoms shown here are paired up to form diatomic molecules. The forces between the molecules are weak and so elements with this structure will have low melting points and might even be gases at room temperature.
Some compounds up close
Activity. Complete the matching exercise below
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